Part of the standardization work taking place in the industry centers around consistent nomenclature. I am heading to the ASTM D37 subcommittee meeting later this month and definitions are a big part of what we will be hashing out.
| Concentrates, End Products (?) | |
|---|---|
| BHO (Butane Hash, or Honey, Oil) | A class of extracts, made using Butane in a CLS |
| Bubble Hash | A process through which trichomes are mechanically separated from cannabis with ice water and progressively finer screens |
| Shatter | A stable, fully purged, semi crystaline BHO extract. Formed in a vaccum oven. |
| Wax | A form of cannabis oil, often butane |
| Butter (Budder) | A form of cannabis oil, used for hydrocarbon extracts as well as rosin. Characterized by it’s opacity and texture |
| Batter | A form of cannabis oil, used for hydrocarbon extracts as well as rosin. Characterized by it’s opacity and texture |
| RSO (Risck Simpson Oil) | Originally made with Naptha, now typically made with Ethanol. Intended to be a full fat, acidic cannabinoid rich, full spectrum consumable |
| Tincture | Extract dissolved in an ethanol or glycerin base |
| Crude | The yield from an extraction intended to be distilled |
| Distillate | The condensed vapor from a distillation (SPD or WFE) of crude |
| Sauce | Hydrocarbon extract with a high terpene content such that it flows freely independent of the crystalline cannabinoid material |
| Crystals (Diamonds) | THCa or broad spec cannabinoids made through crystallization in a supersaturated solvent solution |
| Live Resin | Cannabis resin extracted from fresh, frozen plant material |
| Live Rosin | Hash rosin made from hashish made with fresh, frozen material |
| Processing Terms: | |
| Bag Filter | filter used to contain plant material separate from extracts/concentrates, called a work bag in solventless applications |
| Beaker | Glassware used to mix and pour solutions |
| Broad Spectrum | an oil which retains a significant amount of it’s original components |
| Buchner Funnel | A filter funnel which uses vacuum assist to move material through filter media |
| Cartridge Filter | Filter that loads into a cannister and is used in high flowrate/production situations |
| CLS (Closed Loop System) | Extraction system which removes extraction gas from extract in a separate collection vessel. Has many options |
| Distillation | A process by which material is fractioned into it’s core components using heat, special distillation apparatus, and vacuum |
| Dercarboxylation (DeCarb) | a chemical reaction that removes a carboxyl group and releases carbon dioxide, activates THC to make it pyschoactive |
| Evaporation | the process of liquids becoming gas |
| Extraction | removal of a substance from the parent material by use of chemical processes |
| Extractor | equipment used to extract substances from parent material, see CLS |
| Falling Film | device used to concentrate solutions |
| Flashpoint | the temperature at which a substance may spontaneously combust |
| Flasks | Seal-able glass labware which is often used to hold chemicals or allow basic reactions to occur |
| Fractional distillation | separation of chemical components by boiling points |
| Freezers | used to cool material below the freezing point of water |
| Fritted Glass | kiln melted discs made from powdered glass of various porosity, used as a filter |
| Full Spectrum | an oil that has not been refined to remove any of it’s original components |
| Gas | a state of matter characterized by the dispersion of molecules |
| Gas Ballast | |
| GCMS | Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectroscopy, an analytical technique |
| Glassware | glass laboratory equipment |
| Ground glass joints | Glass joints which are seal-able, see also Keck clip |
| Hot Plate | Heating source for glassware and college kids |
| HPLC | High pressure liquid chromatography |
| Hydrocarbon (including conjugated) | a compound made up of hydrogen and carbon, such derived from petroleum products |
| Hydrosol | |
| Joint grease | grease used to improve the seal on ground glass joints |
| Keck clamp | clamps used to improve the seal on ground glass joints |
| KF-16, KF-25, etc. | vacuum fittings |
| Lenticular Filter | |
| Liquid Liquid Extraction | a method that uses relative solubility of a compound to move between solvents |
| Microns (vacuum) | level of vacuum, 0 being absolute vacuum and 760,000 being sea level atmospheric pressure |
| Microns (pore size) | 1 millionth of a meter |
| Miscible | forms a homogeneous mixture |
| Mobile Phase | “The liquid or gas that flows through a chromatography system, moving the materials to be separated at different rates over the stationary phase.” |
| Molecular distillation (mean free path molecular flow) | |
| Naptha | hydrocarbon solvent |
| Oleoresin | naturally occurring oils and resins extracted from plants |
| Phase Transition | the transition between different states of matter, i.e. liquid/solid/gas/plasma |
| Pirani sensor | used to measure vacuum pressure |
| Polarity | “a separation of electric charge leading to a molecule or its chemical groups having an electric dipole moment, with a negatively charged end and a positively charged end.” |
| Polymer | “a substance or material consisting of very large molecules, or macromolecules, composed of many repeating subunits” |
| Propane | C3H8, hydrocarbon alkane gas |
| PTFE (Teflon) | Non-stick, non-reactive coating. Used commonly for gasket material and storage |
| Purging | the process of removing solvents from an extract |
| Radley Reactors | |
| Reactors | vessels which are used to perform chemical reactions at a larger scale |
| Short Path Distillation (SPD) | a distillation technique which moves the distillate only a short distance |
| Silica gel | dessicant material used to remove moisture from products |
| Solubility | ability of a substance to dissolve in a particular solvent |
| Solvent Recovery | the process of removing solvents and concentrating them for re-use |
| Stationary Phase | chromatography media |
| Sublimation | spontaneous transition from a solid state to a gas state, e.g. dry ice |
| Thermocouple | sensor that detects temperature |
| Uncategoriezed | |
| Vacuum distillation | distillation performed under reduced pressure |
| Vacuum Oven | used to purge extracts under vacuum and gentle heat |
| Vacuum Pump- Diaphragm/Membrane | |
| Vacuum Pump- Dry Scroll | |
| Vacuum Pump- Rotary Vane | |
| Vacuum Vessel | a chamber used to draw vacuum, see vacuum oven |
| Vapor | a substance that is suspended in air |
| Volatiles | compounds that are susceptible to degradation |
| WFE (Wiped Film Evaporation) | |
| Winterization | the process of removing lipids and waxes, typically by freezing cannabis extract solutions to extreme temperatures and removing the solids |
| Solvents | |
| Butane | C4H10, Hydrocarbon gas used to extract cannabis oils |
| Ethanol | Ethyl alcohol |
| Methanol | Methyl alcohol |
| Hexane | C6H14, liquid alkane solvent |
| Pentane | C5H12, liquid alkane solvent |
| CO2 | Carbon dioxide, used in supercritical extraction systems |
f4200 glossary.xlsx (53.7 KB)
