Those two T291s were not there as some separate experimental compressor stage. They were being used as a replacement for a Corken 391 because a 391 was not available in time to meet the client’s deadline.
So rather than miss the deadline, we built the closest functional equivalent we could with the compressors that were available. In simple terms, we made our own 391-style utility compressor package out of two T291s.
The larger Corken (591) in the foreground was handling process vapor recovery. The paired T291s were on the utility/refrigeration side to replace the would-be 391.
So technically, the 2x 291 were an under-rated 391 (1.16 lbs/min vs 1.7 lbs/min at 0psi inlet / -44c) but would still get the job done and not fall apart after a month of operation (single stage compressors are not designed for two stage work - we had to make hardware modifications - aka flipping specific packing & adding a vapor path to the right zones).
Corken supported the project and verified that it would work as expected before we made the leap.
Clearly the 391 is the right choice if it were available at the time. Sometimes you gotta make due with what is available. 
391:
VS 2x 291:
For series 291 the second stage doesn’t matter so much since it will only see the vapor from the first stage, but since we are comparing apples to apples I figured I would supply the data on the second stage compressor as well… 5.8 lb/min can easily eat 1.16 lbs/min, bringing the working pressure up to 150psi from the inter-stage pressure of 45.8psi.
The problem is heat generation… a single stage compressor is not designed to lift 0psi or even -10psi to +150psi. That will get hot as hell and burn out the rings/seals.
BUT for a two stage compressor, that lift is only -10psi to 45psi for the first stage, then 45psi to 150psi for the second stage… much smaller jump than -10psi to 150psi. Much less work and therefore much less heat generated. Mass density of the gas is so small there is not much heat to begin with under vacuum.
It was not better than the real 391 package. It was a practical substitute because the actual 391 was not available in time, and the substitute got close enough to meet the operating need.
So we made a 2 stage compressor from two single stage units.
